The short answer is yes it can be done and has been done. Should you do it or can it be done safely are also worth considering.
The issue is that the gas burns hotter than Meths, it gives out a lot more heat, meths is 30kj/g Butane is 49 kj/g So understanding whether or not the boiler was designed for the lower heat input you probably need answers to the following sort of questions, what is the boiler constructed from (brass or copper or steel), is the boiler silver soldered, does it have a safety valve, does it have a sight glass, what pressure was the boiler designed to run at, less than 2 Bar, or does it fall in the under 3 Bar litre class or is it in the more than 3 Bar Litre Class of Boiler. Photos of the boiler or the manufacturers details will enable others who are better qualified than myself to advise you correctly