In answer to your question Rich, if none operational at sea, not alot, you may see one or two helicopters and a flight of mixed aircraft, but, not full compliment if any at all. Carriers in general do not embark their air wing untill they go operational usually and most of them get embarked while at sea. If we are talking US Carriers that are operational as in ready to do business, they would have a full compliment of aircraft with what Josse says. They have a "Cap" Combat air patrol up all the time with a tanker and at least two alert 5 fighters on standby, alert five means ready to shoot in five minutes at the first sign of a threat towards either the cap or the ship itself and so on an so forth, the responce level is set and has been for years, so there will be alert ten and so on etc if you know what I mean? But this only normally happens on a fully operational carrier.The E2C "Hawkeye" is a long range aircraft that provides high level airborne early warning like the big 707 version, this flys outside the "cap" and at a greater height so it can see anything comming from the threat area first, it then relays the information back to the fleet so the carrier's escorts are ready with "AA" weapons" if needed. Tankers are only sent up as and when and these used to be modified Intruders, I still think they use them now? The Viking is either a cargo carrying aircraft or an anti submarine aircraft, there are a few versions of the Viking. then there is the aew Prowler, a stretched Intruder which is an electronics warfare bird. I hope this helps.
Paul...