If its inside the laptop there are a couple of possibilities - the ex-laptop itself might be broken or the drive. A dud drive effectively stops the laptop from working, which makes it difficult to tell which with any certainty which is the cause.
If the laptop, on being switched on, starts to wake up but complains about not having a drive, there is the chance its a dud drive. If that was the only place the information was stored, thats bad news, its gone.
OTOH if the laptop just sits there, there is a chance that its a dead kaptop with a working drive, the drive can be pulled out and fitted into a case available from ebay* under £10. Put the drive in, plug it into your working computer, read your files and make copies.
Depending on the age of the laptop, there is the chance of various types of drive. But a good chance its a 2.5" SATA one
* tried copying and pasting the link - there was several lines of it.