"...how important is it to fit another piece of tube"
Not critical but preferable / best solution.
( Doesn't have to be brass, any tube, even plastic, would make a better bearing than nothing! )
"... fibreglass type filler..."
An Epoxy is strongest fix.
"... what is the best way of connecting the brass strip to the hull"
Thin brass / tin strip, epoxied on. Couple of small nails / pins as well.